A 1×2cm Localization Tag with a 2.92GHz Transmitter Chipset for LEO Satellite Localization Using Hardware and Algorithm Co-Design

This paper presents a miniature localization tag for LEO satellite localization using algorithm-hardware co-design. On the algorithm side, we achieve 10 dB reduction in required EIRP while maintaining localization accuracy. On the hardware side, we demonstrate the smallest form factor and a complete integrated Tx system including a 1×1 cm antenna and a 0.95 cm-diameter battery.