ECAM-Fabricated Low-Loss 3D Feed Network and Antenna for 6G Backhaul

This paper introduces a low-loss, lightweight mmWave antenna architecture enabled by a scalable electrochemical additive manufacturing (ECAM) process. ECAM facilitates the fabrication of high-conductivity 3D transmission lines with substantially reduced loss and improved power-handling capability compared to conventional printed structures. We extend this approach to implement low-loss power dividers for mmWave feed networks and integrate them with a periodic leaky-wave radiating structure to realize a compact, efficient 6G backhaul antenna.